PENGARUH METODE PEER TEACHING TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN MENGHITUNG ZAKAT MAL DI MTS SAFINATUN NAJAH

Abstract

Fiqh learning in Islamic junior high schools frequently encounters obstacles when addressing procedural and quantitative topics. This issue was evident in the low independence of eighth-grade students at MTs Safinatun Najah in calculating zakat mal due to the dominance of conventional lecture methods with minimal active interaction. This study aims to describe the implementation process of the peer teaching method, analyze its effect on students' ability to calculate zakat mal, and identify its supporting and inhibiting factors among eighth-grade students at MTs Safinatun Najah. This study employed a qualitative approach with a case study design. Research subjects comprised one Fiqh teacher, four peer tutors, and study group members selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected via participatory observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation of student worksheets, then analyzed using the Miles, Huberman, and Saldaña interactive model with triangulation. The findings reveal that peer teaching was implemented through group formation, tutor training, small-group tutoring sessions, and evaluation. This method positively enhanced students' zakat mal calculation skills, evidenced by improved understanding of nisab and haul, accurate application of the 2.5 percent rate formula, and elevated active engagement. The primary supporting factors included emotional closeness among peers and a relaxed classroom climate, whereas inhibiting factors involved time constraints and varying tutor competencies.

ABSTRAK

Pembelajaran Fiqih di madrasah tsanawiyah sering kali menghadapi kendala ketika menyajikan materi yang bersifat prosedural dan kuantitatif. Kondisi tersebut tampak nyata pada rendahnya kemandirian siswa kelas VIII MTs Safinatun Najah dalam menghitung zakat mal akibat dominasi metode ceramah konvensional yang minim interaksi aktif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan proses implementasi metode peer teaching, menganalisis pengaruhnya terhadap kemampuan menghitung zakat mal, serta mengidentifikasi faktor pendukung dan penghambatnya pada siswa kelas VIII di MTs Safinatun Najah. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain studi kasus (case study). Subjek penelitian terdiri atas seorang guru Fiqih, empat siswa tutor sebaya, dan siswa anggota kelompok belajar yang dipilih secara purposive sampling. Data dihimpun melalui observasi partisipatif, wawancara mendalam, dan dokumentasi lembar kerja siswa, yang kemudian dianalisis menggunakan model interaktif Miles, Huberman, dan Saldaña dengan triangulasi data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa metode peer teaching dilaksanakan melalui tahapan pembentukan kelompok, pelatihan tutor, pembelajaran kelompok kecil, dan evaluasi. Metode ini memberikan pengaruh positif terhadap kemampuan siswa dalam menghitung zakat mal, yang ditandai dengan meningkatnya pemahaman konsep nisab dan haul, ketepatan rumus kadar zakat 2,5 persen, serta peningkatan keaktifan belajar. Faktor pendukung utama mencakup kedekatan emosional antarteman dan suasana belajar yang santai, sedangkan faktor penghambat berupa keterbatasan alokasi waktu dan variasi kemampuan tutor.