SUPERVISI AKADEMIK, KOMPETENSI PROFESIONAL, DAN ORGANISASI SEKOLAH DALAM MENINGKATKAN KINERJA GURU SEKOLAH DASAR

Abstract

ABSTRACT

Elementary school teacher performance is associated with instructional quality and is influenced by various professional and institutional factors. Therefore, examining the relationships among academic supervision, professional competence, and school organization is necessary to understand the factors associated with teacher performance. This study aimed to analyze the relationships of these three variables with the performance of public elementary school teachers in Pringgasela District, East Lombok Regency, both individually and simultaneously. A quantitative approach with an ex post facto correlational design was employed. The study population consisted of 256 teachers, from which 156 respondents were selected using proportional random sampling. Data were collected through Likert-scale questionnaires supported by observation and documentation, then analyzed using descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression with IBM SPSS Statistics 26. The results revealed that academic supervision, professional competence, and school organization were each positively and significantly associated with teacher performance. Simultaneously, the regression model was statistically significant, with an R² value of 0.816, indicating that the three predictors explained 81.6% of the variation in teacher performance within the sample. Professional competence had the largest standardized beta coefficient among the three predictors. These findings suggest that teacher performance development should integrate professional competence enhancement, academic supervision, and organizational support while also considering other factors beyond the scope of the model.

ABSTRAK

Kinerja guru sekolah dasar berkaitan dengan kualitas pembelajaran dan dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor profesional maupun kelembagaan. Oleh karena itu, keterkaitan supervisi akademik, kompetensi profesional, dan organisasi sekolah perlu dikaji secara terpadu untuk memperoleh gambaran mengenai faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kinerja guru. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis hubungan ketiga variabel tersebut dengan kinerja guru Sekolah Dasar Negeri di Kecamatan Pringgasela, Kabupaten Lombok Timur, baik secara parsial maupun simultan. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain ex post facto korelasional. Populasi penelitian berjumlah 256 guru, dengan sampel sebanyak 156 responden yang dipilih melalui teknik proportional random sampling. Data diperoleh melalui kuesioner berskala Likert, didukung observasi dan dokumentasi, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan statistik deskriptif dan regresi linear berganda dengan IBM SPSS Statistics 26. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa supervisi akademik, kompetensi profesional, dan organisasi sekolah masing-masing berhubungan positif dan signifikan dengan kinerja guru. Secara simultan, model regresi signifikan dengan nilai R² sebesar 0,816, yang berarti ketiga prediktor menjelaskan 81,6% variasi kinerja guru dalam sampel. Kompetensi profesional memiliki koefisien beta terstandarisasi terbesar dibandingkan kedua prediktor lainnya. Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa pengembangan kinerja guru perlu memperhatikan kompetensi profesional, pembinaan akademik, dan dukungan organisasi secara terpadu, tanpa mengabaikan faktor lain di luar model penelitian.