ANALISIS JENIS DAN TEKNIK ASESMEN PEMBELAJARAN PAI BERBASIS MULTIKULTURAL

Abstract

ABSTRACT

This study aims to analyze the types and techniques of assessment in Islamic Religious Education (PAI) learning that are oriented toward multicultural values. In the context of Indonesia’s pluralistic society, assessment in PAI should not only evaluate cognitive aspects but also encompass affective and psychomotor domains that reflect attitudes of tolerance, cooperation, and appreciation of diversity. Using a literature review method and a descriptive qualitative approach, this study identifies various assessment models in PAI learning, such as formative, summative, and authentic assessments. Techniques such as observation, portfolios, peer assessment, reflective journals, and problem-based projects are highlighted as effective tools for evaluating multicultural values. The research stages include searching for and selecting relevant literature, conducting content analysis using a thematic approach, and synthesizing data based on three main focuses: types of assessment in PAI learning, multicultural assessment techniques, and the integration of multicultural values into the assessment system. The findings indicate that formative, summative, and authentic assessments can be effectively integrated with techniques such as observation, portfolios, self-assessment, peer assessment, reflective journals, and social problem-based projects. However, assessment practices in the field are still largely dominated by conventional approaches that do not fully reflect multicultural values. Therefore, teacher training, curriculum revision, and the development of contextual and culturally sensitive assessment instruments are needed.

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis jenis dan teknik asesmen dalam pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam (PAI) yang berorientasi pada nilai-nilai multikultural. Dalam konteks masyarakat Indonesia yang pluralistik, asesmen dalam PAI seharusnya tidak hanya menilai aspek kognitif, tetapi juga mencakup ranah afektif dan psikomotorik yang mencerminkan sikap toleransi, kerja sama, dan penghargaan terhadap keberagaman. Dengan menggunakan metode studi pustaka dan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif, penelitian ini mengidentifikasi berbagai model penilaian dalam pembelajaran Pendidikan Agama Islam (PAI), seperti asesmen formatif, sumatif, dan autentik. Teknik-teknik seperti observasi, portofolio, penilaian sejawat, jurnal reflektif, dan proyek berbasis masalah disorot sebagai alat yang efektif untuk mengevaluasi nilai-nilai multikultural. Tahapan penelitian mencakup pencarian dan seleksi literatur relevan, analisis isi menggunakan pendekatan tematik, serta penyusunan sintesis data berdasarkan tiga fokus utama: jenis asesmen dalam pembelajaran PAI, teknik asesmen multikultural, dan integrasi nilai-nilai multikultural dalam sistem penilaian. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa asesmen formatif, sumatif, dan autentik dapat diintegrasikan secara efektif dengan teknik seperti observasi, portofolio, penilaian diri, penilaian antarteman, jurnal reflektif, serta proyek berbasis masalah sosial. Namun, praktik asesmen di lapangan masih didominasi oleh pendekatan konvensional yang belum sepenuhnya mencerminkan nilai-nilai multikultural. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan pelatihan guru, revisi kurikulum, dan pengembangan instrumen penilaian yang kontekstual dan sensitif terhadap keberagaman budaya.