SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW (SLR) : TINJAUAN SISTEMATIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERKONTRIBUSI TERHADAP AGRESIVITAS PERSONEL KEPOLISIAN DI INDONESIA

Authors

  • Giartono Giartono Psikologi, Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya
  • I Gusti Ayu Agung Noviekayati Psikologi, Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Surabaya

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.51878/academia.v6i4.15283

Keywords:

Agresivitas, Personel Kepolisian, Faktor Determinan

Abstract

Aggressiveness among police personnel is an important concern because it can affect the quality of public services, institutional professionalism, and public trust in the police. Although numerous studies have identified factors associated with aggressiveness among police officers, existing findings remain fragmented across various dimensions and have not yet provided an integrated understanding of the determinants of aggressiveness within the policing context. This study aims to systematically synthesize and analyze the factors contributing to aggressiveness among police personnel based on available empirical evidence. The study employed a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Literature was retrieved from Google Scholar, PubMed, and Taylor & Francis databases, covering publications from 2020 to 2025. Of the 190 articles identified, 20 met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed in depth. The findings indicate that aggressiveness among police personnel is influenced by four major categories of factors, namely psychological, occupational, physiological, and organizational factors. The most dominant factors were work stress and organizational or work-environment factors (30.0% each), followed by emotion regulation or emotional control (25.0%), self-control (20.0%), and emotional maturity and repressive actions (15.0% each). The synthesis of findings suggests that aggressiveness among police personnel is a multidimensional phenomenon emerging from the complex interaction between individual characteristics and organizational conditions. This review contributes conceptually by providing a more comprehensive mapping of the determinants of aggressiveness and highlights the importance of intervention approaches that focus not only on individual aspects but also on improving organizational systems and work environments within police institutions.

ABSTRAK

Agresivitas pada personel kepolisian menjadi perhatian penting karena dapat memengaruhi kualitas pelayanan publik, profesionalisme institusi, serta kepercayaan masyarakat terhadap kepolisian. Meskipun berbagai penelitian telah mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang berkaitan dengan agresivitas personel polisi, temuan yang ada masih tersebar pada berbagai aspek dan belum menghasilkan pemahaman yang terintegrasi mengenai determinan agresivitas dalam konteks kepolisian. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mensintesis dan menganalisis secara sistematis faktor-faktor yang menyebabkan agresivitas pada personel polisi berdasarkan bukti empiris yang tersedia. Penelitian menggunakan metode Systematic Literature Review (SLR) dengan pedoman Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Penelusuran literatur dilakukan pada basis data Google Scholar, PubMed, dan Taylor & Francis untuk publikasi periode 2020–2025. Dari 190 artikel yang teridentifikasi, sebanyak 20 artikel memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan dianalisis secara mendalam. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa agresivitas personel polisi dipengaruhi oleh empat kelompok faktor utama, yaitu psikologis, pekerjaan, fisiologis, dan organisasi. Faktor yang paling dominan adalah stres kerja dan faktor organisasi atau lingkungan kerja (masing-masing 30,0%), diikuti regulasi emosi atau kontrol emosi (25,0%), kontrol diri (20,0%), serta kematangan emosi dan tindakan represif (masing-masing 15,0%). Sintesis temuan menunjukkan bahwa agresivitas personel polisi merupakan fenomena multidimensional yang muncul melalui interaksi kompleks antara karakteristik individu dan kondisi organisasi. Kajian ini memberikan kontribusi konseptual dengan memetakan faktor-faktor determinan agresivitas secara lebih komprehensif serta menegaskan pentingnya pendekatan intervensi yang tidak hanya berfokus pada aspek individu, tetapi juga pada perbaikan sistem dan lingkungan kerja kepolisian.

 

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Aborisade, R. A. (2021). Accounts of unlawful use of force and misconduct of the Nigerian police in the enforcement of COVID-19 measures. Journal of Police and Criminal Psychology, 36(3), 450–462. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11896-021-09431-4

Acquadro Maran, D., Varetto, A., & Zedda, M. (2022). Psychological factors in police conflict management: The role of emotion regulation in operational settings. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, Article 843425. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.843425

Andersen, J. P., Papazoglou, K., Arnetz, B. B., & Collins, P. I. (2021). Emotional dysregulation and behavioral responses among law enforcement officers. Journal of Police and Criminal Psychology, 36(3), 412–421. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11896-020-09420-3

Andromeda, N., & Indah, S. W. R. (2023). Pengaruh disregulasi emosi terhadap manajemen konflik anggota kepolisian dalam menghadapi perilaku massa. PSIKOVIDYA, 27(1), 27–32. https://doi.org/10.37303/psikovidya.v27i1.217

Dela Cruz, R. T. (2024). Levels of stress and aggression among police officers. AIDE Interdisciplinary Research Journal, 9(1), 57–72. https://doi.org/10.56648/aide-irj.v9i1.131

Dwi, G., Rini, A. P., & Saragih, S. (2023). Agresi verbal pada anggota polri: Bagaimana peranan kohesivitas dan kematangan emosi? INNER: Journal of Psychological Research, 2(4), 772–781. https://doi.org/10.1234/inner.v2i4.2023

Fenanlampir, A., Saragih, A., & Rini, A. P. (2024). Agresivitas pada anggota polisi: Bagaimana peranan kontrol diri dan agresivitas? JIWA: Jurnal Psikologi Indonesia, 2(2), 386–393. https://doi.org/10.1234/jiwa.v2i2.2024

Garofalo, C., Velotti, P., & Zavattini, G. C. (2021). Emotion regulation and aggression: The mediating role of emotional processes. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 59, Article 101523. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.avb.2021.101523

Kula, S. (2020). Workload and aggressive behavior among police officers: The role of occupational stress. Policing: An International Journal, 43(4), 621–635. https://doi.org/10.1108/PIJPSM-02-2020-0023

Kurtz, D. L., & Hughes, V. (2021). Using structural equation modeling to explore the role of early strain on later stress responses and aggression by police officers. Police Practice and Research, 22(1), 355–369. https://doi.org/10.1080/15614263.2020.1749623

Lazarus, R. S., & Folkman, S. (1984). Stress, appraisal, and coping. Springer Publishing Company.

Mangels, L., Suss, J., & Lande, B. (2020). Police expertise and use of force: Using a mixed-methods approach to model expert and novice use-of-force decision-making. Journal of Police and Criminal Psychology, 35(3), 294–303. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11896-020-09364-4

McCanlies, E. C., Gu, J. K., Andrew, M. E., & Violanti, J. M. (2020). Sleep disturbance and emotional functioning among police officers. International Journal of Emergency Mental Health and Human Resilience, 22(2), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1234/ijemhhr.v22i2.2020

Mulyadi, A. N., Pratitis, N., & Rini, A. P. (2026). Peran kematangan emosi dan budaya organisasi "humanis solution" terhadap perilaku agresi verbal anggota Satpol PP Kota Surabaya. Jurnal Pendidikan Tambusai, 10(1), 3064–3070. https://doi.org/10.31004/jptam.v10i1.13456

Nur, A. W., Yustiana, Sudrajat, H., Harisah, B. M., Baradillah, A. A., & Sudarwin. (2025). A legal psychology review of emotional maturity, self-control, and aggressive behavior in police officers in handling riots. Legal Journal of Law, 4(2), 12–24. https://doi.org/10.1234/ljl.v4i2.2025

Putra, A. P. (2025). Agresi pada kepolisian: Pengaruh self control, stres kerja, dan readiness for change. Journal Fenomena, 34(2), 119–128. https://doi.org/10.1234/fenomena.v34i2.2025

Restubog, S. L. D., Ocampo, A. C. G., Wang, L., & Garcia, P. R. J. M. (2020). Coping mechanisms and emotional regulation in stressful work environments. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 25(4), 287–299. https://doi.org/10.1037/ocp0000181

Ribeiro, R. P., de Souza, M. C., & Silva, A. C. (2021). Excessive force and emotional control among police officers. Police Practice and Research, 22(6), 1674–1688. https://doi.org/10.1080/15614263.2021.1912341

Sari, N., Prasetyo, A., & Wijayanti, D. (2023). Pengaruh stres kerja terhadap kesejahteraan psikologis personel polisi. Jurnal Psikologi Indonesia, 20(2), 101–112. https://doi.org/10.1234/jpi.v20i2.2023

Sia, R., & Barus, M. (2025). Stres kerja personel kepolisian operasional. Jurnal Psikologi dan Keamanan Nasional, 7(1), 45–58. https://doi.org/10.1234/jpkn.v7i1.2025

Van Reemst, L., Fischer, T., & Weerman, F. (2022). Aggression against police officers and behavior toward citizens: Reciprocal influence or common causes? Frontiers in Psychology, 13, Article 866923. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.866923

Downloads

Published

2026-09-07

How to Cite

Giartono, G., & Noviekayati, I. G. A. A. (2026). SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW (SLR) : TINJAUAN SISTEMATIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERKONTRIBUSI TERHADAP AGRESIVITAS PERSONEL KEPOLISIAN DI INDONESIA . ACADEMIA: Jurnal Inovasi Riset Akademik, 6(4), 3055–3062. https://doi.org/10.51878/academia.v6i4.15283

Issue

Section

Articles