PENGEMBANGAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN TEACHING FACTORY TERINTEGRASI KEWIRAUSAHAAN PADA KOMPETENSI KEAHLIAN TEKNIK PENGELASAN SMK

Abstract

ABSTRACT

Teaching Factory (TeFa) learning at SMK Negeri 6 Mataram has not been fully integrated with classroom instruction and has not systematically developed students’ entrepreneurial competencies. This condition indicates the need for a learning model that integrates production activities, technical competencies, and production-related economic management within a coherent learning process. This study aimed to (1) develop an entrepreneurship-integrated Teaching Factory learning model for the Welding Engineering competency program in vocational high schools; (2) describe the syntax and components of the developed model; (3) examine the model’s validity through assessment by Educational Technology experts; and (4) determine its initial feasibility as a basis for subsequent implementation. The study employed a Research and Development (R&D) approach using the ADDIE model, limited to the Analysis, Design, and Development stages. The needs analysis involved 47 respondents, consisting of 40 students and 7 teachers/educators. The developed model incorporates a learning syntax integrating DUDI job orders, production processes, Quality Control, and a production administration system covering the preparation of a cost budget (RAB), calculation of cost of goods manufactured (HPP), determination of selling prices, and profit-and-loss analysis. Validation was conducted by three Educational Technology experts using a 59-item instrument covering 12 aspects of the model components. The validation results yielded a mean score of 92.7%, categorized as highly valid. Based on the distribution of item scores, revisions were made to five aspects to clarify the structure and integration of the learning components. Thus, the developed entrepreneurship-integrated Teaching Factory learning model was considered valid and met the initial feasibility criteria for use as a basis for further implementation and evaluation.

ABSTRAK

Pembelajaran Teaching Factory (TeFa) di SMK Negeri 6 Mataram belum sepenuhnya terintegrasi dengan pembelajaran di kelas dan belum secara sistematis mengembangkan kompetensi kewirausahaan siswa. Kondisi tersebut menunjukkan perlunya model pembelajaran yang mengintegrasikan aktivitas produksi, kompetensi teknis, dan pengelolaan ekonomi produksi dalam satu rangkaian pembelajaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk (1) menghasilkan model pembelajaran Teaching Factory terintegrasi kewirausahaan pada kompetensi keahlian Teknik Pengelasan SMK; (2) mendeskripsikan sintaks dan komponen model; (3) menguji validitas model melalui penilaian pakar Teknologi Pendidikan; dan (4) menentukan kelayakan awal model sebagai dasar implementasi. Penelitian menggunakan metode Research and Development (R&D) dengan model ADDIE yang dibatasi pada tahap Analysis, Design, dan Development. Analisis kebutuhan melibatkan 47 responden yang terdiri atas 40 siswa dan 7 guru/pendidik. Model yang dikembangkan memiliki sintaks pembelajaran yang mengintegrasikan job order DUDI, proses produksi, Quality Control, serta sistem administrasi produksi yang meliputi penyusunan RAB, perhitungan HPP, penetapan harga jual, dan analisis laba rugi. Validasi dilakukan oleh tiga pakar Teknologi Pendidikan menggunakan instrumen 59 butir yang mencakup 12 aspek komponen model. Hasil validasi menunjukkan rerata skor sebesar 92,7% dengan kategori sangat valid. Berdasarkan distribusi skor butir, penyempurnaan model dilakukan pada lima aspek untuk memperjelas struktur dan keterpaduan komponen pembelajaran. Dengan demikian, model pembelajaran Teaching Factory terintegrasi kewirausahaan yang dikembangkan dinyatakan valid dan memenuhi kelayakan awal untuk digunakan sebagai dasar tahap implementasi dan evaluasi lebih lanjut.