DEVELOPMENT OF PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING (PBL) E-MODULE USING NEARPOD APPLICATION TO IMPROVE IPS LEARNING OUTCOMES

Abstract

This study was motivated by the low Social Studies learning outcomes resulting from learning activities that are still dominated by one-way lectures and the use of conventional printed modules. This study aimed to develop a Problem-Based Learning (PBL)-based Social Studies E-Module assisted by the Nearpod application that is valid, practical, and effective in improving elementary school students' learning outcomes. This research employed a research and development (R&D) approach using the ADDIE model, which consists of five stages: Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. The research instruments consisted of expert validation sheets, teacher and student response questionnaires, and learning outcome tests. The research subjects involved 70 fifth-grade students from three elementary schools in Bukittinggi City, namely SDN 03 Pakan Labuah, SDN 08 Kubu Tanjuang, and SDN 11 Aur Kuning. Data were analyzed through validity, practicality, and effectiveness assessments. The Analysis stage revealed that Social Studies learning was still dominated by lecture methods and textbook use, causing students to be less active and experience difficulties in understanding abstract concepts. During the Design stage, a PBL-based E-Module was designed using the Nearpod application. The Development stage showed that the E-Module achieved a very valid category based on assessments by material, language, and design experts, with an average validity score of 97.33%. During the Implementation stage, the practicality assessment obtained scores of 98% from teachers and 84.49% from students, both categorized as very practical. During the Evaluation stage, the learning outcome tests showed an increase in the average score from 53.50 on the pretest to 90.43 on the posttest, with an N-Gain score of 0.7902, categorized as high. Meanwhile, the effectiveness questionnaire obtained a score of 83.43%, categorized as very effective. Therefore, the PBL-based Social Studies E-Module assisted by the Nearpod application was considered valid, practical, and effective in supporting the improvement of elementary school students' learning outcomes.