ANALISIS GAP KOMPETENSI FASHION DESIGNER DAN AHLI POLA (PATTERN MAKER) TERHADAP KUALIFIKASI KERJA INDUSTRI GARMEN
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51878/vocational.v5i4.7725Keywords:
Analisis Kesenjangan, Fashion Designer, Industri Garmen, kompetensi guru, Pattern MakerAbstract
ABSTRACT
The Indonesian garment industry continues to face a significant competency gap between vocational education graduates and the actual qualification demands of the workforce, particularly for the crucial roles of Fashion Designer and Pattern Maker. This study aims to empirically and systematically identify the competency discrepancies between the qualifications possessed by students of the Fashion Education Study Program at Yogyakarta State University and the ideal qualifications required by medium- to large-scale garment industries in the Yogyakarta Special Region. Employing a quantitative descriptive research design, data were collected through structured questionnaires distributed to final-year students and industry representatives, and analyzed using descriptive statistics and Gap Analysis. Findings indicate that, in the field of Fashion Design, the relevance between student competencies and industry needs reached 100%, demonstrating that all eleven competency items assessed were both relevant and required. Similarly, competencies in Pattern Making were classified as highly relevant, with students even possessing one additional skill not explicitly required by industry, thereby increasing the overall alignment score. These results suggest that the existing curriculum has effectively balanced the supply and demand of competencies for both professional roles. The study implies that educational institutions should continue strengthening the integration of disruptive technologies and adaptive skills to ensure graduate readiness for emerging challenges in the era of Industry 5.0.
ABSTRAK
Sektor industri garmen Indonesia menghadapi tantangan signifikan terkait kesenjangan kompetensi (skill gap) antara lulusan pendidikan vokasi dan tuntutan kualifikasi kerja riil, terutama pada peran Fashion Designer dan Pattern Maker yang krusial untuk daya saing produk. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi secara empiris dan sistematis kesenjangan kompetensi antara kualifikasi yang dimiliki mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Tata Busana Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta (sebagai penyedia kompetensi) dengan kualifikasi ideal yang dibutuhkan oleh perwakilan dunia kerja di industri garmen. Menggunakan metode penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif dengan desain survei, data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner terstruktur dari mahasiswa tingkat akhir dan perwakilan industri garmen skala menengah ke atas di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, yang kemudian dianalisis menggunakan statistik deskriptif dan Analisis Gap. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa, untuk bidang keahlian Fashion Designer, relevansi antara kompetensi mahasiswa dan kebutuhan industri mencapai 100%, mengindikasikan bahwa semua 11 item kompetensi yang dimiliki relevan dan dibutuhkan. Berdasarkan klasifikasi tersebut, maka dapat dikatakan bahwa relevansi antara kompetensi mahasiswa pendidikan tata busana UNY dengan kebutuhan dunia kerja di industri garmen bidang keahlian ahli pola (pattern maker) dapat dikatakan sangat relevan, selain itu mahasiswa memiliki satu keterampilan tambahan yang tidak secara eksplisit dibutuhkan industri, sehingga tingkat kesesuaian kompetensi terlihat lebih tinggi dibanding daftar kompetensi yang dipersyaratkan. Kesimpulannya, kurikulum program studi telah berhasil menyeimbangkan pasokan dan permintaan kompetensi untuk kedua peran, dengan implikasi bahwa lembaga pendidikan harus mempertahankan dan memperluas integrasi teknologi disruptif dan keterampilan adaptif untuk memastikan kesiapan menghadapi tuntutan Industri 5.0.
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