FORMULASI SABUN HERBAL SEBAGAI ANTI JAMUR DALAM RANGKA MENINGKATKAN GERAKAN MASYARAKAT HIDUP SEHAT DI JURUSAN TEHNOLOGI LABORATORIUM MEDIS YOGYAKARTA

Abstract

Herbal plants have long been used by the community as medicinal ingredients. Indonesia encourages people's independence to live a healthy life, one of which is using herbal soap. Many herbal soap manufacturers have sprung up. Various herbal soaps with various natural ingredients have been presented including lemongrass, cloves, cinnamon. The results of the 2018 survey in the field of various herbal soap brands with the same type of soap but different concentrations, as evidenced by the pungent and non-stinging herbal smell, this is the background of the researcher. The aim of the research was to make Herbal Soap Formulation as Anti-fungal by determining the minimum concentration of essential oil extracts (cloves, cinnamon and lemongrass) in inhibiting the growth of the fungus Candida albicans, Aspergillus flavus. This study was an experiment by measuring the diameter of the fungal inhibition zone at concentrations of 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2% essential oil. The implementation was carried out at the Yogyakarta Health Analyst Mycology Laboratory, from May to September 2019. The research subjects were the fungus Candida albicans, and Aspergillus flavus aged 24 hours. The research object is clove, cinnamon and lemongrass essential oil. The results showed that the inhibition zone diameter <5 mm was categorized as weak, 5-10 mm moderate, 11-20 mm strong, and >20 mm very strong. The concentration of clove and lemongrass essential oils as antifungals against Aspergillus flavus was moderate at a concentration of 0.5%, strong criteria at a concentration of 1.0; 1.5; 2%. Anti-fungal against Candida albicans in cloves and lemongrass with a moderate concentration of 0.5%, and a concentration of 1; 1.5; 2% strong criteria. Cinnamon essential oil concentration of 0.5% strong criteria and 1; 1.5; 2% very strong criteria. Conclusion The minimum concentration of clove and lemongrass essential oil extract was 1.0%, cinnamon 0.5% in inhibiting the growth of the fungus Candida albicans. The minimum concentration of clove and lemongrass essential oil extract 1.0%, cinnamon 0.5% can inhibit the growth of the fungus Aspergillus flavus.

ABSTRAK
Tanaman herbal telah lama dipergunakan masyarakat sebagai bahan obat-obatan. Indonesia mendorong kemandirian masyarakat untuk hidup sehat, salah satunya memakai sabun herbal. Produsen sabun herbal sudah banyak bermunculan. Aneka sabun herbal dengan aneka bahan alami sudah dihadirkan diantaranya sereh, cengkeh, kayu manis. Hasil survei 2018 dilapangan berbagai merk sabun herbal dengan jenis sabun yang sama tetapi konsentrasinya berbeda beda, dibuktikan dengan bau herbal yang menyengat dan tidak menyengat, hal ini yang melatar belakangi peneliti. Tujuan penelitian untuk membuat Formulasi Sabun Herbal Sebagai Anti Jamur dengan menentukan konsentrasi minimum ekstrak minyak atsiri (Cengkeh, kayu manis dan sereh) dalam menghambat pertumbuhan jamur Candida albicans, Aspergillus flavus. Penelitian ini eksperimen dengan mengukur diameter zona hambat Jamur pada konsentrasi 0, 0.5, 1, 1.5 dan 2% minyak atsiri. Pelaksanaan dilakukan di Laboratorium Mikologi Analis Kesehatan Yogyakarta, bulan Mei sampai September 2019. Subyek penelitian adalah jamur Candida albicans, dan Aspergillus flavus berumur 24 jam. Obyek penelitian minyak atsiri cengkeh, Kayu manis dan sereh. Hasil Penelitian diameter zona hambat <5 mm dikategorikan lemah, 5-10 mm sedang, 11-20 mm kuat, dan >20 mm sangat kuat. Konsentrasi Minyak Atsiri cengkeh dan sereh sebagai anti fungi terhadap Aspergillus flavus kriteria sedang pada konsentrasi 0,5%, kriteria kuat pada konsentrasi 1,0; 1,5; 2%. Anti fungi terhadap Candida albicans pada cengkeh dan sereh konsentrasi 0.5% sedang, dan konsentrasi 1; 1.5; 2 % kriteria kuat. Minyak atsiri kayu manis konsentrasi 0,5% kriteria kuat dan 1; 1,5; 2 % kriteria sangat kuat. Kesimpulan konsentrasi minimum ekstrak minyak atsiri cengkeh dan sereh 1,0%, kayu manis 0,5% dalam menghambat pertumbuhan jamur Candida albicans. Konsentrasi minimum ekstrak minyak atsiri cengkeh dan sereh 1,0%, kayu manis 0,5% dapat menghambat pertumbuhan jamur Aspergillus flavus.