TATALAKSANA NON-FARMAKOLOGI PADA DEPRESI REMAJA : LAPORAN KASUS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51878/healthy.v3i2.3780Keywords:
Depresi, Mekanisme Pertahanan Ego, Psikodinamik, Psikososial, Pola Asuh, NeglectedAbstract
Adolescents are a population that is vulnerable to mental disorders, one of which is depressive disorder. Biological and psychosocial factors can influence the occurrence of depression. Psychosocial factors that play a role include family upbringing, life events and environmental stress as well as certain personality factors. In this case report, a 22 year old man, a 7th semester student, has not worked and is not married. The patient was diagnosed with moderate depressive disorder without somatic symptoms. The patient felt sad followed by feelings of annoyance and anger since 4 years ago since the patient started studying at a university. He felt sad and disappointed because he was not in a campus life that met his expectations. The feeling of sadness felt by the patient is followed by feelings of pessimism, failure and loss of self-confidence, feeling that there is no future anymore, often thinking about just dying. The patient has anankastic personality traits with neglected parenting. This patient's neglected parenting style causes the patient's id to become more dominant than the superego, resulting in ego defense mechanisms of projection, introjection and reaction formation. In this parenting style, parents tend not to care or be involved in the child's life. The patient fails to pass the Autonomy vs. Autonomy phase. Shame and Doubt, so that they experience feelings of anxiety or perfectionism.
ABSTRAK
Remaja merupakan populasi yang rentan mengalami gangguan mental, salah satunya adalah gangguan depresi. Faktor biologis dan psikososial dapat memengaruhi terjadinya depresi pada remaja. Faktor psikososial yang berperan antara lain faktor pola asuh keluarga, peristiwa kehidupan dan stres lingkungan serta faktor kepribadian tertentu. Pada laporan kasus ini, laki laki berusia 22 tahun, merupakan seorang mahasiswa semester 7, belum bekerja dan belum menikah. Pasien terdiagnosis dengan gangguan depresi sedang tanpa gejala somatik. Pasien merasa sedih diikuti oleh perasaan kesal dan marah sejak 4 tahun yang lalu sejak pasien mulai berkuliah di salah satu universitas. Ia merasa sedih dan kecewa karena ia tidak berada dalam kehidupan kampus yang sesuai harapannya. Perasaan sedih yang dirasakan pasien diikuti oleh perasaan pesimis, gagal dan kehilangan kepercayaan diri, merasa tidak ada masa depan lagi, sering terpikirkan untuk mati saja. Pasien memiliki ciri kepribadian anankastik dengan pola asuh neglected. Pola asuh orang tua yang neglected pada pasien ini menyebabkan id pasien menjadi lebih dominan daripada superego sehingga muncul mekanisme pembelaan ego proyeksi, introyeksi dan reaksi formasi. Pada pola asuh ini, orang tua cenderung tidak peduli maupun terlibat dalam kehidupan anak. Pasien gagal melewati fase Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt, sehingga muncul mereka perasaan kecemasan atau perfeksionisme.
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