ANALISIS FAKTOR PSIKOLOGIS TERHADAP EFIKASI DIRI DALAM KETERAMPILAN BERBICARA MAHASISWA BAHASA INGGRIS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51878/educational.v5i3.7062Keywords:
faktor psikologis, Efikasi diri, Keterampilan BerbicaraAbstract
This research is motivated by the gap between the demands of confident English speaking skills and the reality of psychological barriers such as anxiety and low self-efficacy experienced by many students. Therefore, this study focuses on an in-depth analysis of the psychological factors that influence students' self-efficacy in speaking skills, by exploring their direct experiences in Public Speaking classes. Using a qualitative phenomenological approach, this study involved 10 second-semester students and 2 lecturers who were selected purposively. Data collection was conducted through in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation, which were then analyzed descriptively-inductively. The results found that students' self-efficacy is strongly influenced by psychological and social dynamics. Factors supporting positive self-efficacy include confidence in one's abilities, achievement motivation, and a supportive emotional environment. Conversely, the main inhibiting factors are excessive anxiety about lecturers' assessments, fear of making mistakes, and potential ridicule from peers. It is concluded that self-efficacy and anxiety have a strong reciprocal relationship, where a positive and socially supportive learning environment is the main key to building self-efficacy and improving students' speaking performance.
ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh adanya kesenjangan antara tuntutan kemampuan berbicara bahasa Inggris yang percaya diri dengan realitas hambatan psikologis seperti kecemasan dan rendahnya efikasi diri yang dialami banyak mahasiswa. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini berfokus untuk menganalisis secara mendalam faktor-faktor psikologis yang memengaruhi efikasi diri mahasiswa dalam keterampilan berbicara, dengan menggali pengalaman langsung mereka di kelas Public Speaking. Menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif fenomenologis, penelitian ini melibatkan 10 mahasiswa semester dua dan 2 dosen yang dipilih secara purposif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi, dan dokumentasi, yang kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif-induktif. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa efikasi diri mahasiswa sangat dipengaruhi oleh dinamika psikologis dan sosial. Faktor pendukung efikasi diri positif antara lain keyakinan pada kemampuan diri, motivasi berprestasi, dan lingkungan emosional yang suportif. Sebaliknya, faktor penghambat utamanya adalah kecemasan berlebih terhadap penilaian dosen, takut membuat kesalahan, dan potensi ejekan dari teman. Disimpulkan bahwa efikasi diri dan kecemasan memiliki hubungan timbal balik yang kuat, di mana lingkungan belajar yang positif dan mendukung secara sosial menjadi kunci utama untuk membangun efikasi diri dan meningkatkan performa berbicara mahasiswa.
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